Oltenita is a locality attested by a document dated to 1523. Later on, at the turn of the 17th century, Constantin Brancoveanu created a detachment of relay cavalry that he placed at the gates of Silistra, at Lichiresti. The locality that was to take the name of this corps (in Romanian Rosiori) witnessed an ascending trend, to become the county seat of Ialomita county in 1833, and acquire the status of town. Romania’s modern history triggered deeply significant economic, social and political events in Calarasi, too. All this galvanised capitalist production relations. Today, it can be said that agriculture is the most developed branch thanks to the extension of cultivated areas and the use of rotation crops. It was not accidentally that this region yielded big amounts of grains and animal products that were exported via the ports of Calarasi and Oltenita. The most important industrial enterprise of Oltenita is the Moara Dunarea (Danube Mill), with 196 employees.